Casting ingots.



J. R. HOYLB & A. W. BREARLEY.

CASTING INGOTS.

APPLICATION FILED DBG.18, 1912.

1,073,988, Patented Sept. 23, 1918.

4 SHEETS-'SHBET 1 MT/YEJJEQ. /g rv e-lvromi J. R. HOYLE & A. W. BREARLEY.

CASTING INGOTS APPLICATION FILED DIEG 13, 1912 1,073,988. Patented se nzs, 1913.

4 sums-31mm z.

LU/6.1142735" M:

[VITA/[3.5505 #ZZ T. R. HOYLE & A. W. BREARLBY.

CASTING INGOTS.

APPLIUATION FILED DEO.13, 1912.

1,073,988. Patented Sept. 23, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

1 7 n 5* J- j J. R. HOYLE & A. W. BREARLEY. CASTING INGOTS.

APPLICATION TILED 1120.13, 1912.

1,073,988, Patented Sept. 23, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

2 i i 5 1 J L JUL- F H2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES ROSSITER HOYLE ANDARTHUR WILLIAM BREARLEY, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO THOMAS FIRTH AND SONS LIMITED, OF SHEFFIELD,

ENGLAND.

Specification of Letters Patent.

CASTING INGO'I'S.

Patented Sept. 23, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMEs Rossrmn Horne and ARTHUR WILLIAM BnnAnLnY, subjects of the King of England, and both residing at Sheflield, Yorkshire, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Casting Ingots, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the casting of ingots through the bottom of the mold, particularly groups of ingots, and has for its object to prevent the formation of shrinkage cavity or pipe in the ingots.

According to this invention the formation of pipe or cavity within the ingot is prevented by means of a dozzle or short sleeve placed in the base of the mold and forming a continuation of the runner brick, the dozzle being automatically heated to incandescence by the incoming metal as it rises through the base of the mold. As soon as the mold is filled it is reversed, so that the hottest metal, which occupies the widest part of the mold, is brought to the top of the ingot where it is maintained in a molten state by the dozzle which has been automatically heated in the manner described.

The reversed position of the mold (not shown in the drawings) will bring its wide end uppermost so that not only does the ingot solidify in a conical mold having 1tsI wide end uppermost, but in addition the dozzle, thus automatically heated, causes the metal in the upper part of the mold to feed downward into any shrinkage cavity in z the lower part of the ingot, thus preventing the formation of any cavity or pipe within the ingot, as the molten metal in contact with the incandescent dozzle cannot solidify and therefore sinks with a level surface and forms no appreciable pipe.

The invention is particularly applicable to the casting of ingots in groups, and in such cases all the molds are mounted on a casting plate which, after the molds have been filled, is turned over so as to invert all the molds simultaneously.

In the accompanying drawings which show one form of apparatus for bottom casting ingots in groups in accordance with this invention, Figure 1 is an end elevation partly in section. Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation through the molds and casting plate. Fig. 4 shows in plan on an enlarged scale a modified form of firebrick plate for the base of the mold, and Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, showing a portion of the dozzle and runner brick.

In the construction illustrated the apparatus comprises a casting plate A provided with trunnions A mounted in standards 13 disposed on either side of a pit C. The casting plate carries the trumpet pipe D which communicates by means of runner brick conduits E with the base of each of the molds F, six of which are shown in the construction illustrated. The molds are secured in place on the casting plate A b means of T-bolts and cotters G, G. A circular hole E is formed in the runner brick central with each mold, and above each aperture E is placed a perforated plate or disk of firebrick H, the aperture in which corresponds with the hole E. Resting on the plate H so as to extend a short distance upward from the base of each mold, is a short sleeve or dozzle of firebrick II, the

taper of the mold and dozzle maintaining the latter in place after the molds have been inverted.

In the modified form of late H shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in lace o a single central aperture a series ot inclined conduits H are provided each of which communicates with the opening E in the runner brick E. The inclination of the conduits I-I (four of which are shown in the example illustrated) is such that the molten metal as it rises through the plate is directed against the walls of the dozzle H which is thus more efficiently heated than in the case of a single vertical aperture or conduit in the plate H.

The molds are filled in the usual manner through the trumpet pipe D, the open end of which is then covered with damp sand and closed by means of an iron plate or the like J held in place by a wedge J which passes under a locking bar K mounted in II into the conical molds F, and in so rising 0 which allows the metal to sink with a level.

surface and so prevents the formation of any appreciable cavity or pipe in the ingot.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The method of preventing the formation of shrinkage cavity within bottom castingots which consists in introducing the metal into the mold through a dozzle of refractory material placed in the base of the mold, heating said dozzle to incandescence by the incoming metal, and reversing the mold, said dozzle after the mold is reversed causing the metal in contact therewith to feed downward intoanv shrinkage cavity within the ingot.

2. The method of preventing the formation of shrinkage cavity within ingots which are bottom cast in groups which consists in securing a plurality of molds to a casting plate so as to communicate with the pouring trumpet, placing a refractory dozzle within the base of each mold and heating said dozzles' to incandescence by the incoming metal, then reversing the casting plate and the molds mounted thereon, whereby the most recently introduced metal is brought to the top of each mold where it is maintained at a high temperature by the heated dozzle for the purpose set forth.

3. The method of preventing shrinkage cavity in ingots which are bottom cast in groups, which consists in securing to a casting plate a plurality of taper molds which widen toward their bases, said molds communicating by runner brick conduits with the pouring trumpet, placing a dozzle and a recently introduced metal is brought to the. top of each mold where it is maintained at a high temperature by the heated dozzle so that "the metal in contact therewith is maintained in amolten state for the purpose described.

4. The method of preventing shrinkage cavity in ingots which are bottom cast in groups, which consists in securing to a casting plate a plurality of taper molds which widen toward their bases, said molds communicating by runner brick conduits with the pouring trumpet, placing a dozzle and a plate both of refractory material within the widened base of each mold, said plate having a plurality of inclined conduits whereby the incoming metal is directed against the walls of the dozzle thus heating said walls to incande'scence, then closing the mouth of the trumpet and reversing the casting plate together with the molds mounted thereon whereby each ingot solidifies wide end uppermost, and the most recently introduced metal is brought to the top of each moldwhere it is maintained at a high temperature by the heated dozzle so that the metal in contact therewith is maintained in a molten state for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. v

J AMES ROSSITER HOYLE. ARTHUR WILLIAM BREARLEY. Witnesses:

LUTHER G. PARR, RICE K. EVANS. 

